磁盘已满,需要定位具体位置
使用 df -h 和 lsblk 先确定挂载的关系
du命令可以显示目录和子目录的占用情况,需要携带参数指定查询深度:
du -h --max-depth=1 /path/to/large/directory
可以从根目录开始逐渐往下查找
有可能会存在du没有办法查找到的情况,例如对其中的一个目录,例如 /data/ 写入了大量文件后,将其他磁盘挂载到了这个目录后,du没法统计这一部分数据,最终导致du的结果和df有差距,所以有必要先确认当前挂载的情况后再进行查找。
磁盘硬件健康
一般磁盘故障首先出现read only,如果此时可以备份,尽快操作,否则重启祈祷。
无论是否出现只读,我们想要查看磁盘健康,就需要检查其smart信息,debian系安装如下,win可以直接使用CrystalDiskInfo
apt install smartmontools
smartctl -a /dev/sda
注意查看SMART overall-health self-assessment test result:的信息,如果出现非PASSED的信息,则硬盘存在问题。
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds后的参数代表了smart属性,重点看这几个
Reallocated_Sector_Ct (ID 5) 记录了重新分配的扇区数,一般正常为0,对固态来说则代表已使用寿命百分比
Power_On_Hours (ID 9) 通电时间
磁盘初始化&开机绑定
相比较fdisk来说,我更喜欢cfdisk这类图形化界面,如果环境所迫,fdisk [device]系统也会有指引操作
cfdisk [device]
可以在后面添加设备名来指定设备
一般来说,对于一个新的硬盘,我们直接选new即可,默认会设置为Linux filesystem,在底部的菜单可以调整文件系统类型。

这之后选择write将更改写入磁盘
这时候磁盘信息将会改变


这之后我们需要格式化硬盘
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
注意此时再cfdisk应该会看到Filesystem信息

这之后我们可以设置开机挂载,在/etc/fstab中,这里可以直接使用sda这类设备名,也可以使用UUID,但注意,UUID指定的系统,如果在系统中不存在,且未设置nofail参数,系统将会启动失败。
这里我们按照设备名直接挂载:
/dev/sda1 /mnt/hdd1 ext4 defaults 0 0
可以重启验证配置,也可以直接挂载:
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/hdd1

Comments | 3 条评论
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This info consists of any referenced scientific or scientific
analysis. The Peptide Report makes no claims about
how the action or treatment presented can remedy,
deal with or stop any medical situations or
diseases. • The Peptide Report upholds the best research integrity, requirements, and ethical conduct.
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